交大开元太阳能

The core technology of solar energy lamps: 
First, low-power, high-brightness, long life light source technology. 
Second, the solar batteries to charge and discharge the best technology. The two directions to solve the problem, there should be a lot of problems and solutions of the blade. 
Source issues 
The main light source is the problem: high-voltage converter circuit vibration easily damaged lamps short life span, reliability is not high; power source, but low-brightness, high-power light source resulted in a large system configuration, more than double the cost of the system. 
For example, estimates are as follows: 
If the ordinary solar lamp light source with 80W, components for the 240W. If the new light source instead of 25W, to achieve the same brightness, the components will take about 100W. If the system costs by 60 yuan / W terms, it was common for the cost of solar lamps 240W × 60 $  W = 1.44 million; new type of solar energy for lighting 100W × 60 $ / W = 0.6 million. 
A simple light on the difference between the 8400 yuan, also did not take to reduce the system, the failure rate, installation maintenance costs, such as reducing the beneficial effects. 
Many manufacturers have been looking for a more suitable light source, however, the market for such products is very small. There is no market or related products, however, from another angle is not necessarily a bad thing, and need not, it means that a business opportunity in this regard and to have input on the outcome of the solar lamps to master the core technologies, accounting for A market advantage. If you want to put large-scale solar lighting market, and lead the trend, it is necessary to grasp core technology of solar energy lamp, or else people will buy after. 
Charge controller methods and setting parameters 
Conventional charging method 
1. Constant current charging method 
Charging current is used to adjust the output voltage charging device or change the battery in series with the resistance, the charge current to maintain the same intensity of the charging method. Its control method is simple, but because of the acceptability of current battery capacity, with the charge of the process carried out gradually decreased, so that the latter charge, the charge current electrolysis of water used to produce more gas, so that excessive gas. 
2. Stage charging method 
1) phase of the law. First of all, with constant current charging voltage to a predetermined value, and then changed to Heng voltage to complete the remaining charge.
2) three-stage charging method. In charge at the beginning and end use of constant current charging, constant voltage charge in the middle. When the current decay is scheduled to value, from the second phase of the transition to the third stage. This approach can minimize their frustration to a minimum, but as a fast charging method, is still subject to certain restrictions. 
3. Voltage charging method 
The charging voltage power supply in charge all the time to maintain a constant value, with the battery terminal voltage gradually increased, gradually reducing the current. Compared with the current charging method, the charging process closer to the best curve of charge. This method of charging water electrolysis little to prevent the battery charge-off. However, the initial charge current is too large for a significant impact on battery life and easy battery so that the plate bend, resulting in end-of-life. 
Fast charging method 
1. Pulse charging method 
Pulse charging mode is the first pulse of current rechargeable battery, and then stop to allow the battery charge after charge for a period of time, such a charge cycle pulse; make full battery power, so that the period of intermittent battery produced by the chemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen have time to re-combined Have been absorbed, so that the concentration polarization and polarization ohm naturally be eliminated, thus reducing the pressure inside the battery, so that the next round of the constant current charging more smoothly, so that the battery can absorb more electricity. Intermittent pulse; battery make more adequate response time to reduce the analysis of gas, increased battery charge current on the acceptance rate. 
2. Variable intermittent current charging method 
Intermittent change current law to charge a variable pressure limit CURRENT intermittent charging method. The paragraphs of the pre-charge use of current variable intermittent charge, so that access to the vast majority of battery charging capacity. The latter charge will be used charging voltage, charge-off amount was. Through intermittent stop filling, so that the battery produced by the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen are combined time was re-absorbed, so that the concentration polarization and polarization ohm naturally be eliminated, thus reducing the pressure inside the battery, so that the next round The current charge more to carry out profit-page Jiachuan battery and can absorb more electricity. 
3. Voltage variable intermittent charging method 
Variable intermittent with the current charging method is different from the first phase of the current batch is not used, but intermittent constant pressure. Constant voltage at each stage of the charge, charge current in accordance with the natural laws of the index decline, in line with an acceptable rate as the current battery charge for the gradual decline of the characteristics. 
4. Variable voltage variable-intermittent current wave of plus or minus zero pulse fast charging method 
Pulse current amplitude and frequency of the PWM signals are fixed, PWM duty cycle adjustable, and on this basis, occasional joined the stop filling stage in a short period of time into the more necessary and sufficient electricity and improve the battery charge acceptance. 
Set parameters 
Floating voltage to set the parameters of the battery life is very important with the impact of voltage generated by Floating Current compensation should be to achieve self-discharge and day-to-day maintenance of oxygen and electricity load cycle. Floating voltage unreasonable, mainly in two areas affected battery, that is positive grid corrosion rate and battery with gas emissions. When the battery voltage Floating above a certain value, the grid will be further exacerbated by corrosion, battery of oxygen and hydrogen have a high air pressure through the discharge valve, resulting in cell loss. Cathode corrosion means loss battery, aggravated battery and further deterioration and shortened life expectancy. Floating if the voltage exceeds a certain rate, increasing the current Floating will have more surplus gas, thus making the negative electrode in the oxygen compound blocked, thus weakening the function of the cycle of oxygen. 
In order to prevent the charge balance is a result of some of the battery capacity of the terminal inconsistent and the pressure for additional power. Floating in general practice is to increase the voltage of 0.05 ~ 0.07V  ℃, but the maximum should not exceed 2.35V. As the balance in charge when the gas produced when Chong Chongdian floating more than a few times that of the charging time can not be too long in order to avoid a surplus of gas and then compound the effects of oxygen efficiency, so that the loss of water, and then make the grid corrosion speed , Damage to the battery. The new battery or a better state of the battery, general equilibrium when the charge voltage should be relatively low for a long time or poor performance of the batteries are charging the appropriate pressure can be increased. 
Now the general 12V lighting control systems, have been put in the set-point voltage 10.8V (battery 0.1C in the current discharge to 80% DOD0 inch of the termination voltage), but the lighting system, in general discharge current 0.01C ~ About 0.02C, and some are even smaller, in the discharge of such cases, when the discharge voltage to achieve an end-inch 10.8VB, the battery has a 100% discharge, which would seriously affect battery life. 

A large number of domestic and foreign research results show that the charging and discharging of the batteries used to determine the life of batteries, some not so much the use of bad, it is better to say that charge is wrong with the way the damage. 
The work load a matter of time 
Solar lamps and reliability from the economic point of view into consideration, the general annual average sunshine hours of computing lighting design configuration, while the actual work, are often controlled by the controller features a set number of hours of work, such as 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, and so on, thus causing the year, the daily working hours are the same, that is, the daily power consumption, solar energy lamp, but by the work of the sun, and the amount of solar radiation with different seasons is very different , That is, each lamp (solar certain components) all season, the average Japanese power generation is very different. 
Shandong Texas, for example, the average monthly peak sunshine hours of the situation in Figure 1. For example, to load 10W, an average of eight-hour working day to be about the battery components 40Wp, while the year on electricity generation and power consumption load. 
Texas region as a whole the average peak sunshine hours about 4.44h, in the spring: 4.43h, in the summer: 6.17h, in the fall: 4.47h, winter: 2.65h. As a result of the average daily power generation is the peak and average sunshine in direct proportion to the real number, so available in the spring and autumn and power generating capacity to achieve a basic balance of power in the summer well-off (6.17 ~ 4.44)  4.44 is about 39%; the lack of electricity in winter (4.44 ~ 2.65)  0.44 is about 40.3 percent.
This summer, causing a certain amount of waste, and the winter was not sufficient and could easily have been caused by battery discharge, the impact on battery life. In view of this situation, the ideal way would be to transfer surplus electricity in the summer to winter, as Hao Shihao, but a large energy storage system for self-discharge, the matching system, the cost is not very practical and non-economic The. Therefore, control of load time can be a solution, according to the Texas peak hours of sunlight available: 
The average summer peak hours of sunshine than the annual average peak hours of sunshine than the average winter peak sunshine hours 6.17:4.44:2.65 = = 7:5:3, according to annual peak sunshine hours of design work 10 hours a day of solar energy According to the ratio of 7:5:3 lamps can be drawn up in the summer to allow the work of 14 hours in winter to allow up to 6 hours of work (Note: The season does not take into account the impact of different temperatures, and so on). In view of this, in order to make the batteries in the winter have not discharge, the adjustable load working hours for less than or equal to 6 hours.

Matching System 
Now do the manufacturers of solar lighting is often too much to pursue the design, and the most important match of the study ignored the system, not through an in-depth, just a simple calculation, resulting in a large number of lighting problems; some manufacturers to create their own products Price advantage at the expense of system stability, these practices are not desirable.
Rain problems 
Is the main controller for charging and discharging by the rain, damp, causing a short circuit board, burn control device (transistor), severe corrosion was caused by circuit board deterioration, can not repair. There are two major water ways: First, from the top of the poles were set aside Kongshun solar components and light source into the lead in the poles; second gap from the poles Cangmen Department immersion; together with the temperature inside the warehouse more High, with the result that much humidity inside the warehouse, causing damage to the controller. As a result, water-resistant to do a good job, the controller to avoid damp, damaged, the same can not be ignored.

Thermal battery problems 

Now most of the lamps on the use of maintenance-free valve-12V lead-acid batteries, which are used in the assembly tight structure, less heat dissipation, it belongs to the poor battery fluid, electrolyte charge when the temperature is too high, will speed up the cell loss caused by evaporation Water, there will be overheating as a result of expansion of the damage to the plate and shell deformation and, more importantly, because of the accumulation of heat so that the thermal batteries out of control. 

Lighting system battery is an important component of the total cost of the general 10% to 20% of its direct impact on the performance of the life and reliability of the system. General installation of solar lamps outdoors, environmental temperature exceeds 25 ℃, the temperature rise every 10 ℃, life expectancy will be reduced by half. Therefore, to maintain an appropriate temperature on the battery life is very important.

Weathering battery of tests 
General lighting design life of 15 years or so, and in which the battery is a weak link. 12V valve maintenance-free lead-acid batteries designed for life in general in 2056, but the actual application, the general in 2023 on the need to be replaced, and some are even less than a year to the end of life. 

For a design life of 15 years for courtyard, batteries for 12V  36Ah, by 0.6 yuan  VAh, if the life expectancy of two years each time the replacement cost of 200 yuan according to the count, in the life of at least 6 times replacing batteries, Only a battery will be an additional cost of 2755.2 yuan. If the battery life to 5 years in the life of the need to replace 3 times compared with the cost of an additional 1377.6 yuan, only a battery 1377.6 yuan can be saved.